Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO)

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Burchell, Raymond Battle of the Bulge Part II
Raymond Burchell used grenades to fight the tanks. [Annotator's Note: Burchell is referring to the Battle of the Bulge...
Peterson, Carl Battle of the Bulge, Returning Home, and Flashbacks
Carl Peterson went into the Battle of the Bulge near Aachen [Annotator's Note: Aachen, Germany]. He was only there...
Raner, Norman Battlefield Commission
On Christmas Day 1943 [Annotator's Note: 25 December 1943], Norman Raner was told he was receiving a battlefield...
Ehlers, Walter Battlefield Commission, Crossing the Rhine and Wounded by Friendly Fire
After 30 days at home, Walter Ehlers returned to his unit [Annotator's Note: Company L, 3rd Battalion, 18th Infantry...
Simons, F.M. Bayonets and Surrendering Germans
The horrible times for F.M. Richard Simons were mortars and trying not to fall asleep in his foxhole. Once, they heard...
Smith, Arthur Beaching a PT-Boat
Arthur Smith says that when they were sinking Japanese luggers [Annotator's Note: slang for cargo ships], the often...
Smith, William S. Becoming a Forward Observer
William C. Smith, Junior [Annotator's Note: with the 1st Infantry Division] was in charge of a truck and the ammunition...
Shaw, Roger Becoming a Merchant Mariner
Roger Shaw was born in New Orleans in 1921. He grew up and was educated in New Orleans. After graduating high school,...
Ashton, Harold Becoming a Naval Aviator
When the draft was instituted, Harold Ashton decided to enlist in the Navy with hopes of becoming a pilot. After...
McKinnon, Lee Becoming a Navy Man
Lee O. McKinnon was born in Valdosta, Georgia in August 1925. He was raised by his mother and grandfather and worked on...
Welch, Darrell Becoming a P-38 Pilot
Darrell Welch trained on twin engine aircraft. He was flying bombers in flight school and assumed he was going to be a...
McGovern, George Becoming a Pilot
George McGovern had never been in an airplane before he took a civilian course. He was scared but eventually got over...
Frongello, Arthur Becoming a Sailor
Basic training was easy for Arthur Frongello because he did not smoke. He grew up running alot and playing games that...
Spaetgens, William Becoming a Sailor
William Leo Spaetgens enlisted in the United States Navy [Annotator's Note: on 22 October 1942]. His parents did not...
Kitowski, Charles Becoming a Seasoned Fighter Pilot
After flight school, Charles Kitowski went to Baton Rouge, Louisiana to await orders. He flew very few hours there...
Maki, Howard Becoming a Soldier
Howard T. Maki desired to enter the Army Air Forces as a pilot. Before he was drafted, he had passed various...
Johnson, Alfred Becoming a Soldier
Alfred A. Johnson, Jr. is a retired colonel of the United States Army. He was born in Jackson Barracks, New Orleans,...
Yatsu, Lawrence Becoming a Soldier
Lawrence Yatsu was in a relocation camp. When he left the camp to go to college he was drafted. By that time his...
Ginrich, Ralph Becoming a Soldier
Ralph “Bud” Ginrich crossed the Atlantic Ocean on the Queen Mary. He had completed basic training just fine. Reaching...
Clark, Charles Becoming a Soldier
[Annotator's Note: There is a loud hum throughout the interview.] Charles William "Tom" Clark was inducted by himself...
Lafferty, Ralph Becoming a Soldier
The first friends Ralph F. Lafferty made were enlisted men. All of the men were skiers. When he was finished training...
Coolidge, Charles Becoming a Soldier
Charles Coolidge was born in August 1921 on Signal Mountain, Tennessee where his family spent the summer months. The...
Vaughn, Odell Becoming a Soldier
Odell Wallace Vaughn was born in December 1921 in Greenville, South Carolina and grew up in Spartanburg, South Carolina...
McGee, Charles Becoming a Tuskegee Airman
Charles McGee was born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1919. After third grade he moved to Illinois. He also spent some time in...
Welch, Darrell Becoming an Ace
[Annotator's Note: The interviewer asks Darrell Welch about his first victory against a German aircraft.] He got him...
Kirk, James Becoming an Air Force Gunner
James Read Kirk was 17 years old and in high school when Pearl Harbor was attacked [Annotator's Note: the Japanese...
Porche, Albert Becoming an Airman
Albert Porche learned to take Army life as it came. He was in Jackson, Mississippi after his enlistment. People did not...
Mahoney, Timothy Becoming an Airman
Timothy Mahoney wanted to join the Navy because a friend of his was in the Navy. His father told him to wait until he...
Hairston, Joseph Becoming an Army Officer
Joseph Hairston ended up going to artillery school. The rest of the Army was segregated, however, OCS [Annotator's Note...
Field, Richard Becomming a Paratrooper
Richard J. Field was born and raised in Upstate New York in the small town of Liberty. He lived on the outskirts of...
Yatsu, Lawrence Being a Nisei
Lawrence Yatsu believes that World War 2 should be studied because it is history. He feels it is unfair that Germans...
Carter, Paul Being a Prisoner of War
While he was a prisoner in Italy, Paul Carter nearly starved. Before leaving Rome [Annotator's Note: Rome, Italy] his...
Gilbert, Lawrence Being a Prisoner of War
Lawrence Richard "Red" Gilbert was put on a work detail building houses on a Jewish cemetery. They used the tombstones...
Martello, Dominic Being a Prisoner of War
While he was a prisoner, Dominic Martello was leaning over getting a head of cabbage when a German soldier came along,...
Broll, Walter Being Alert and Lessons Learned
Walter Broll benefited by the war because it made him an alert man instead of the 18 year old minor he was when he...

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